Capabilities and Resources of LinkedIn Case Study

Capabilities and Resources of LinkedIn - Case Study Example The company has grown tremendously. As at 2011 December, the revenues had reached $522, 189 with the number of employees also increasing to 2,116 employees. It has also been able to establish its headquarters in Mountain View, California, and 14 other regional offices. Â  The social media industry is ripe and there are many opportunities for LinkedIn. The Asian market remains not fully exploited. In addition, there are other social networking platforms that the company can use to expand its operations and hence profitability. The company should stick to its focus on professionals in order to occupy its market niche. Despite these, various issues that confront the company. Firstly, there is high competition; Facebook, Twitter, Google+, and Xing provide a big competition that has kept the stake of the company on medium in the social media industry. Secondly, the number of unique visitors is relatively low. Thirdly, the site has limited strategy of getting new subscribers; it usually occurs through referrals. Finally, the amount of time that is spent on the site is relatively lower. Â  LinkedIn is one of the major social networking sites in the world today. The site was started in December 2002. He was joined hands by his forms colleagues at PayPal, Stanford University, and Socialnet.com. The company has been growing since then courtesy of a number of facilitators such as technology, management, and the socio-economic environment. Reid Hoffman who is the president of the company founded the company; he was initially the chief executive officer (CEO) before the company hired its first CEO, Dan Nye in 2007. Nye resigned in December 2008 making Hoffman reassume the role of a CEO.

Indonesian Culture Essay Example for Free

Indonesian Culture Essay Indonesia has about 300 ethnic groups, each with cultural identities developed over centuries, and influenced by Indian, Arabic, Chinese, and European sources. Traditional Javanese and Balinese dances, for example, contain aspects of Hindu culture and mythology, as do wayang kulit(shadow puppet) performances. Textiles such as batik, ikat, ulos and songket are created across Indonesia in styles that vary by region. The most dominant influences on Indonesian architecture have traditionally been Indian; however, Chinese, Arab, and European architectural influences have been significant. Sports in Indonesia are generally male-orientated and spectator sports are often associated with illegal gambling. The most popular sports are badminton and football. Indonesian players have won the Thomas Cup (the world team championship of mens badminton) thirteen of the twenty-six times that it has been held since 1949, as well as numerous Olympic medals since the sport gained full Olympic status in 1992. Its women have won the Uber Cup, the female equivalent of the Thomas Cup, twice, in 1994 and 1996. Liga Indonesia is the countrys premier football club league. Traditional sports include sepak takraw, and bull racing in Madura. In areas with a history of tribal warfare, mock fighting contests are held, such as, caci in Flores, and pasola in Sumba. Pencak Silat is an Indonesian martial art. Indonesian cuisine varies by region and is based on Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, and Indian precedents. Rice is the main staple food and is served with side dishes of meat and vegetables. Spices (notably chili), coconut milk, fish and chicken are fundamental ingredients. Indonesian traditional music includes gamelan and keroncong. The Indonesian film industrys popularity peaked in the 1980s and dominated cinemas in Indonesia, although it declined significantly in the early 1990s. Between 2000 and 2005, the number of Indonesian films released each year has steadily increased. The oldest evidence of writing in Indonesia is a series of Sanskrit inscriptions dated to the 5th century. Important figures in modern Indonesian literature include: Dutch author Multatuli, who criticized treatment of the Indonesians under Dutch colonial rule; Sumatrans Muhammad Yamin and Hamka, who were influential pre-independence nationalist writers and politicians; and proletarian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesias most famous novelist. Many of Indonesias peoples have strongly rooted oral traditions, which help to define and preserve their cultural identities. Media freedom in Indonesia increased considerably after the end of President Suhartos rule, during which the now-defunct Ministry of Information monitored and controlled domestic media, and restricted foreign media. The TV market includes ten national commercial networks, and provincial networks that compete with public TVRI. Private radio stations carry their own news bulletins and foreign broadcasters supply programs. At a reported 25 million users in 2008, Internet usage was estimated at 12.5% in September 2009. More than 30 million cell phones are sold in Indonesia each year, and 27 percent of them are local brands.

Ignorance Is the Lock, Knowledge Is the Master Key Essay -- Law

Throughout childhood to adulthood, one may oftentimes hear the quote â€Å"knowledge is power†. It is a quote usually drilled into the heads of elementary to college-aged kids in order to encourage his or her pursuit of an education. As much as privileged students roll his or her eyes at the utterance of this quote, it is hard to deny the weight of truth in this quote when examining the history of many countries. This is especially true during times of oppressive rule. Freedom of press, information, and lines of communication are usually the main thing to be restricted when there is a hunger for complete control over a group of people. The shadow of ignorance is used to blind the oppressed and keep/hide them in the dark from any potential aid. In 1989, student demonstrations broke out in Beijing, China in Tiananmen Square. Since the 1970s, China was going through economic reforms under Deng Xiaoping, China’s leader. As time went on complaints were being made over inflation, low job opportunities, and suspected corruption in the national party. The Communist governments of Eastern Europe were failing, causing unrest and lost of faith amongst the Chinese citizens. The breaking point was â€Å"the death of reformist CCP general secretary Hu Yaobang† on April 15th of 1989 (Online). Students congregated in the square to mourn Yaobang’s death. According to the Berkshire Encyclopedia of China the government-run press fabricated what truly going on and attempted to taint the image of the protesters: The party mouthpiece, People’s Daily, published an editorial on 26 April accusing a â€Å"handful of plotters† of creating â€Å"turmoil† with the object of overthrowing the regime. The next day, 200,000 students from over forty universities marched to the squ... ...ite the wicked mistreatment of the slave. Despite being unhappy with their situation, the slaves could not effectively rebel because they did not have enough knowledge and information to do so. Knowledge truly is a power that can be used to help you or used against you. It can help you be in control or be controlled. For this reason, freedom of press and speech are constantly being fought for in many civil wars. Without knowledge, a person is subjected to the control of a person with greater knowledge. Works Cited James, C.L.R. The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Overture and the San Domingo Revolution. 2nd ed. Revised. New York: Vintage, 1989. "Tiananmen Square." Berkshire Encyclopedia of China: Modern and Historic Views of the World's Newest and Oldest Global Power. Great Barrington: Berkshire Publishing Group, 2009. Credo Reference. Web. 10 May 2012.

walden two Essay -- essays research papers

Walden Two   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In B.F. Skinner’s Walden Two, Skinner presents many positive changes to society in his utopia, such as: division of labor, encouragement of perusing your own interests in education, and absolute equality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Walden Two, a member is paid in credits that are required by the society. Each person earns a certain amount of credits per hour for every job they do. Everyone is expected to work to receive 4-6 credits for one day. The amount of credits-per-hour depends on the job. A more physically demanding or unpleasant job would receive more points then something less taxing. This is an effective way or contracting society because it has people work enough to get the necessary work done to drive the society without overworking and tapping out the worker. When Castle and Frazier discuss whether a community can survive on such little work, we understand that the people who are working are working with intent and without distractions and not under distracting supervision. It is also useful because it allows people to choose how to spend their time. If they would like to get their work down quickly by doing a more challenging job, that is their choice and they are not being m ade to do so. This also allows people to freely move around with jobs. They are not locked into one job for the rest of their life. If they do not like it, they can sign up for a new job tomorrow. This allows you to pursue your interests wit...

Discuss how Shakespeare creates a sense of suspense and dramatic tension in Macbeth Essay

Shakespeare wrote Macbeth 400 years ago. The themes of, upset, false appearance and illusion, the riddles are caught up and reflected in the wording of the play to heighten and improve the total impression that Shakespeare gives off. He used dramatic tension in this play to make it more frightening and realistic. He used poetic language and rhyme to create this. It would stay in the audience heads, when it was in rhyme, and stand out as he could not use special effects in the fifteen hundreds, like we can today, so he had to do it through his writing. Shakespeare’s uses appearance verses reality a lot through The Play Macbeth, to portray Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as being nice and courteous on top, but really be wicked underneath this is brought up a good deal throughout the play. He would use the super natural and violence instead of special effects. He used the super natural like witches in his plays because people then were very superstitious and believed that witches had great powers. When the actors would chant on stage for a spell, the audience might believe something could actually happen which would create tension. If something bad or evil was about to happen it would go dark which is scary and if it suddenly went light the audience would no someone good was coming e.g. Banquo. He would use very short and course language to shock the audience in the right places. King James was interested in witches, so he wrote something that would appeal to the king. Also it was about the murder of the king which James the 1st would of enjoyed, because it shows the consequences of what happen if you dare betray a king and in Shakespearean times it was known as killing someone who was appointed by god. If the king were going to see it then other people would think that it must be good and then go and see it themselves. The queen before James was Elizabeth the 1st. People felt safe with a strong king or queen. So in Macbeth he shows the importance of kings and queen keeping order and if they were out of order they were punished i.e. death and torture. In act one scene one, the start of this scene there is thunder and lightning straight away that grabs the audience’s attention. This creates a spooky atmosphere, it will all go dark and they will think something evil is about to happen. Such stirs in the heavens were thought to indicate war in kingdoms and so cause bad weather. The witches then appear which will scare the audience as in Shakespearean times witches were thought to be very powerful and evil. People thought they could communicate with the devil, that they could predict the future, make people ill, kill people from a distance or cause bad weather. They start chanting on stage like in a spell. `Fair is foul and foul is fair`, this means a calling upon evil to overturn ideas off good and bad too confuse the false appearance with the reality. The witches bring up his inner most desires to the surface and offer them to him on a plate. Each word in the quote begins with an F, which Shakespeare does to make it stick in your head so if it ever comes up again you would remember it because it is a rhyming couplet. In act one scene two, the beginning of this scene a very bloody war had just occurred. There is an injured captain who is being helped to safety by Duncan’s bodyguard. The surrounding would be dead bodies and blood everywhere, which will immediately shock people. The sounds of battle will be in the background that is exciting. They hear about Macbeth before he arrives which adds suspense. `Till he unseamed him from the nave to th`chops and fixed his head upon our battlements`. Macbeth wins the battle. The Thane of Cawdor betrayed Duncan and Macbeth gets his title as a lord, it shows if anyone chooses to betray the king they will get killed. Macbeth is then shown as a very strong person as he had just killed a lot of men. Macbeth does not know he is the Thane of Cawdor yet in this scene. In Act one scene three, the three witches are talking, again there is thunder as soon as the witches arrive. They ask each other what they have accomplished the first witch says she’s been killing wine the others talk about how nasty they have been and all there conquests. The audience would be appalled by this and that they could be so evil. Macbeth and Banquo arrive and says `so foul and fair a day I have not seen` which uses the same words that the witches had used just before, this then links him to the witches and that he could be evil like them and be capable of killing someone. The witches look inhuman and disgusting then make three predictions. One that he is the Thane of Glamis, Two that he is going to be the Thane of Cawdor, and Three that he will be King and that Banquo’s children’s children will be future kings. The king has already said that he is the Thane of Cawdor, so now the audience know that the witches can predict the future, this will scare them, and they now think maybe that he will be King. The witches then disappear so the audience thinks that they must be very powerful because they can vanish, that is something very supernatural and strange. He then later gets honoured Thane of Cawdor. Aside Macbeth says `What can the devil speak true? ` Meaning can the witches really predict the future. Aside means what he is thinking and the only way to do this is if he says it out loud. He cannot believe it came true. The audience then knows Macbeth is thinking evil thoughts, here is some of Shakespeare’s usage of appearance Vs reality. Banquo is represented in Macbeth as goodness and kindness. Sort of a voice of reason. He then talks to Macbeth about the danger that there could be getting involved with witches and evil. Banquo is also represented by light in the play. If evil is about to happen, when Banquo arrives it will go light as light is thought of as good and darkness as evil. In Act one scene four Macbeth gets the title if Thane of Cawdor and Duncan is very pleased. The old Thane of Cawdor was a traitor to the king and it was important that the king had someone he trusted like Macbeth who he doesn’t know is very untrustworthy. This is also to show you what would happen if you betrayed the king. `Stars hide your fires! Let not light see my dark and deep desires`, this means he is hoping the dark night will hide his evil thoughts to kill the king. As I said light represents good and dark represents bad. So if the stars were out they would be making light and show his thoughts In Act One scene, straight from the beginning Lady Macbeth is reading a letter out loud, this is called a soliloquy, and she does this so the audience can hear her. As soon as she has read the letter from Macbeth which told her about what had happened with the witches, and how he was the Thane of Cawdor, she started to think about how herself and Macbeth could kill the king. In those days it was thought as unbelievably evil for a women to have such vile thoughts as they were supposed to be innocent. She is then concerned that Macbeth is not brave enough to kill the king, the audience are then in suspense over whether he will do it or not. So she then has to make sure that she could make him do it, and that she must make herself have no feelings for other human beings except Macbeth. `Come you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here and fill me from the crown to the toe top-full of direct cruelty`, means she is calling down evil spirits and make her evil. `Come to my women’s breast and take my milk for gall` means breast feeding is supposed to be a lovely natural thing for a women to do and is saying instead that she wants to feed evil. `Come thick night and pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, that my keen knife see not the wound it makes, Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark to cry hold, hold`, this is saying she wants the dark to cover up hell and doesn’t want heaven to show her dark thoughts he personifies heaven as a person in this quote. In this play Lady Macbeth is a horrible person, she uses very harsh words that would effect the audience and cause tension. They will think when lady Macbeth is calling upon evil spirits that she must be a truly evil person, as the supernatural was considered to be very dangerous and people took it really seriously. Shakespeare uses very sharp wording in this scene, that would shock an audience of that time. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are going to act nice and kind in front of other people so that no one suspects their evil thoughts. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth will appear nice, but in reality be plotting to kill Duncan. At the end of this scene Lady Macbeth says `To alter favour ever is to fear leave the rest to me`. This adds excitement and suspense as the audience wonders what she is going to do. In Act One scene Six Lady Macbeth is putting the plan of appearance verses reality into action. King Duncan arrives at the castle where Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are kind and hospitable so not to show any hint of their plan. In Act One scene Seven half of this scene is a soliloquy, often when performing this in a theatre, the stage would be all around the audience, so the actor wouldn’t have to speak so loudly and the audience can see his expressions. Macbeth is feeling guilty about his plans to kill the king. Shakespeare uses this method to show the audience what Macbeth is thinking and to show what Macbeths doubts are about murdering Duncan. The audience will now be wondering if he is going to go through with it, or if he is going to back out, this causes great excitement within the audience. Shakespeare uses this technique every so often in the play to show the audience what is going on inside the characters heads. Lady Macbeth, after Macbeth has finished his speech, asked why he has left Duncan and the rest of the party. Macbeth goes on to tell her about his doubts, and that he is Duncan’s kinsman and he is supposed to be his host and is supposed to trust him. The audience are now waiting to see what Lady Macbeth will say and if she will back out, there is a lot of suspense in the air. She tells him that if he wants to be king he will have to do any thing to get there `cat I` th` adage`. She then tries a different tactic and says that he is less of a man and a coward if he cannot do this `when you durst do it, then you were a man`. Lady Macbeth then says she would rather kill her own child and smear its brains on the floor than go back on her word `I have given suck, and know how tender `tis to love the babe that milks me I would while it smiling at my face have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums, and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to this`. Shakespeare uses very strong wording to get through to the audience about how violent she is and evil, that a woman could kill her own child in such a way is horrifying. The Audience is then left in suspense till the next scene, wondering whether Macbeth will go through with it, Shakespeare does this as it keeps the audience hooked. At the end of this scene he uses the rhyming couplet to make the end to that dramatic scene stay in the audiences heads. In Act two scene, from the start there is a lot of tension. Macbeth is very nervous and on edge, he is waiting from the sign from Lady Macbeth to go and kill Duncan. The audience will be on the edge of their seats as they are wondering if they are going to get caught or will they get away with it. Amongst all this, Banquo and Fleance turn up, which is has a big relevance, as Banquo knows what the witches said to Macbeth about being king. Also that Banquo is good and kind, and enters the scene with a torch like he bringing goodness to an evil place by lighting it up `There is husbandry in heaven their, candles are all out`. Banquo means the heaven have not lit up the sky with stars and that there is evil about. The audience now think that Macbeth could get caught by Banquo and there is amazing tension rising. They then bump into each other. Banquo asks Macbeth why he is still up as the king has gone to bed. Macbeth is now very worried he is terrified he will be caught and is trying to get rid of Banquo as quickly as possible. Banquo then mentions the weird sisters and that he has been having nightmares about them, Macbeth quickly tells him that he will talk about it tomorrow and that he hasn’t really thought about it. In Shakespearean times dreams were thought of as prophesy, the audience then think Macbeth is probably going to get caught. Relief sweeps over Macbeth and the audience who are left wondering whether Macbeth is still going to go through with it, as Banquo leaves and all goes dark. Macbeth then sees a dagger hovering in the air before him, the audience will not be able to see this, so Shakespeare uses brilliant sentence structure and wording so they can imagine it is there `Is this a dagger I see before me, the handle toward my hand? Come let me clutch thee` Macbeth sees this dagger in front of him and he wonders whether it is a sign as the sharp end of the dagger is pointing toward Duncans room. `Proceeding from the heat oppressed mind` He thinks it could be a sign to do it now, or it may be a trick and if he went in now he would get caught, he wonders if it is something in his imagination because he is stressed. The audience is then scared as a ghostly figure was known as a work of the devil and evil, so they think that Macbeth is in trouble. The theatre will go dark when this happens to show that evil is happening. Shakespeare leaves the audience on the edge of their seats as in the end Macbeth says `The bell invites me. Hear it not Duncan, for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven or to hell` Which is also a rhyming couplet In Act two scene two, Macbeth returns covered in blood, which straight away tells the audience that Macbeth has done it, and this creates excitement and tension. The Conversation between Lady Macbeth and Macbeth is very quick and sharp, through most of Macbeth, Shakespeare has used ten syllables where as this particular conversation has very few syllables which shows they are nervous. Shakespeare does this to show the audience, as they may not be able to see their facial expressions. Macbeth had kept hold of the bloody daggers instead of leaving them, this creates suspense as they start to think they will be caught. Also every little sound Macbeth jumps at and is jittery. The visual effects in this will be Macbeth and Lady Macbeth covered in blood with daggers in there hands, the audience would think it was atrocious that they could be covered in a dead mans blood and not really care. Macbeth stars to get very paranoid, that he was seen, or will get caught and is feeling implausibly guilty, `Still it cried sleep no more to all the house` Macbeth is hearing voices and is terrified. Lady Macbeth is quite calm about what they have just done, this brings up again how foul she could be not to even feel a little guilty about what she’s done and must be a vicious human being to think like this `you do unbend your noble strength to think such brain sickly things`. The audience might reckon he is going to turn himself in and get excited. Next there is a knocking at the front door to the castle. This causes outstanding tension the audiences now thinks they are definitely caught and are on the edge of their seats with anticipation. The knocking continues `whence is that knocking? How is’t with me, when every noise appals me? ` The suspense rises, as they are still in their clothes that are covered in blood `My hands are of your colour; but I shame to wear a heart so white. I hear knocking at the south entry. Retire we to our chamber. A little water will clear us of this deed` they quickly go to their chamber to change into their night-clothes. This causes dramatic tension, as they are so close to getting caught. In the end of this scene Macbeth says `Wake Duncan with thy knocking. I would though couldst`, this just adds to the last of Macbeths lie and the audience are left in suspense till the next scene to see whether they get caught. Conclusion I conclude that out of all the evidence I have put forward, that Shakespeare’s main dramatic techniques are his language, sentence and word structure that he uses very well throughout the play. This makes it more exciting for the audience, as they did not have special effects then, thus he has to do it through his writing, so the audience can understand and imagine, which he does very effectively in the Acts and scenes that we studied. Him using the supernatural was a really good idea, as that is what appealed to King James and the audience at that period of time. It also scared them and kept them on the edge of their seats. The witches and supernatural in this play make it what it is and is a very important part because most of the suspense and tension is based on that.

The Global Bubble Downfall and Goldman Sachs

The Global Bubble Downfall and Goldman Sachs Free Online Research Papers Matt Taibbi’s article â€Å"The Great American Bubble Machine† begins with his introduction claiming that Goldman Sachs is everywhere. The article begins with the approach and scare as the investment firm, Goldman Sachs, was one of the recipients of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan of 2009. It caught my attention in the first paragraph. Taibbi’s article begins with lots so pure speculations stating that the head of NYSE, former secretaries of state, one CEO from Merrill Lynch, the head of the Wachovia Bank, a couple of state officials appointed by â€Å"Dubya† (George W. Bush) during his presidency, and the heads of the Canadian and Italian banks, and the last two heads of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. It is quite an impressive resume for any individual wanting to catapult to the top. Goldman Sachs lifespan is broken up into what the author refers to as bubbles, of time frames. The first bubble is the Great Depression, followed by Tech Stocks, the housing craze, the oil bubble, rigging of the US bailout, and coming soon to a bank near you, the global warming bubble. The bank was founded in 1869 by a German immigrant’s Marcus Goldman and Samuel Sachs. They made a substantial profit by â€Å"lending out short-term IOUs to smalltime vendors in downtown Manhattan† (Taibbi). During the time frame of the 1920’s, it got into investments trusts. In modern times, this would be called mutual funds. According to Taibbi’s article, Goldman Sachs exercised its information power because securities purchased and amounts were not released to the public. The company’s first effort would issue a million shares at $ 100 dollars a share. They bought the shares back with their own money, and then proceeded to sell them to the public at $ 104. 900,000 shares immediately became 3.6 million dollars. Then they did it again, but this time they were bidding the price up continuously. The company would spurn two other investment firms. Each of the two newer investment firms would be a front of the previous as roughly 90% of the shares were owned by its predecessor. This action reflects the Pyramid Shaped Structure of an organization. In this case, Goldman Sachs sits at the top owning Shenandoah Corporation, which owned Blue Ridge. It is likely that in this fashion, because there was no way to have an objective and fair way of judging any performance. Goldman Sachs controlled the information power. Ultimately through this structure, Goldman Sachs was able to borrow money, with borrowed money, and borrowed money. It appears that if anyone had told Ken Lay and Jeffrey Skilling about this story, George Walker Bush wouldn’t have put his support behind Enron in its hay-day. The Tech Stock Bubble 2 occurred during the 1970’s-1980. Surprisingly enough, Goldman Sachs had rebranded itself through time as an honest and trustworthy corporation who paid attention to all its stakeholders. The integrity of the company ran as far as them giving money to grownup corporate clients who had made bad deals with us† (Taibbi). Through these actions, Goldman Sachs was able to build a community with silent victories, and respecting their â€Å"grownup† clients. Their actions gave the company reputable corporate social responsibility. Per Taibbi, there was no specific time when this culture began to delude into what was about to transpire. It was right round the time a Goldman Sachs co-chair, Robert Rubin, followed Bill Clinton into the White House. That would sound like a conflict of interest. This is almost as bad as former VP Dick Cheney, being the CEO of Halliburton and that situation. In this bubble, the banks fluffed the idea of IPOS. The banks made IPOS seem better than what they ever possible could be. Goldman abandoned its own standards of quality control. This allowed them capitalize on charges in the regulatory environment, while investors like â€Å"Joe the Investor† went chasing the dream of becoming rich. Wall Street had strict underwriting guidelines for trade. It had to be in business for a minimum of five years, and had to show profitability for three consecutive years. Goldman then had their analysts out there telling investor’s that IPO’s were worth $ 100, when they the author alleges they knew the stock was not worth much at all. Everyone knew rules had changed, but everyone on the inside failed to inform the investors who lost millions. Goldman Sachs used what was called â€Å"laddering†. They would sell price cheap to investors with a promise of buying more when they actually went public. That is a guarantee that stock would be bought @ X dollars. That would ensure profit down the road. They also used spinning, which in layman’s terms amounts bribery. The company would offer extra low prices on share, for a promise of future underwriting business. 5 trillions dollars worth of wealth were lost in this fashion. What Goldman learned in this phase was that bubbles are easy to inflate, and don’t deflate as easy, or quick enough to not make a profit. The housing craze is the 3rd bubble. Goldman sold house to anyone who had a first and last name. They lowered their standards of credit, verifiable income, and possess 10% down payment for the house. Since they were able to sell notes to everyone who wanted one, they packaged these mortgages into what became Collateralized Debt Obligations. They packaged good and bad deals into them. They used methods to hide what they were selling. Since many of the mortgages would turn out ok, the bad ones attached wouldn’t affect these â€Å"obligations†. Then they secured themselves by getting insurance, in the event these failed. So they stole money to begin with, and when they were done they took our money too. If I wasn’t an upset taxpayer, I’d think it was a stroke of brilliance. The 4th bubble is one not many people know Goldman Sachs had anything to do with, oil. Once again, in true Goldman Sachs fashion, it went after this commodity by having investors agree to purchase oil at a certain price on a fixed date. It was argued that the four dollars a gallon had to do with demand, but demand had actually decreased during this time frame. In 2008, an average barrel of oil was traded 27 times before it was actually delivered and consumed. Congress realized in 1936 that more speculators in the market would affect prices artificially. This is called the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. It worked for more than 50 years. This was designed to protect people who were actually buy and selling commodities, not paper trails. Somehow, Goldman got a free pass and was given a Bona Fide Hedging exemption which allowed them to bypass all these regulations. 21 other exemptions like this were passed in the months that followed. Even at the end, when demand was low, the price of oil has doubled this year, and is looking to climb more. During those times, when I had to go into my overdraft to fill up, I realize now that it wasn’t a third world country that made me pay more, but our own people who can’t see further than the dollar. The fifth bubble is the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. The first significant thing that happened was that then-secretary Paulson let Lehman Brothers fall. The last competitor Goldman faced. The next day, Paulson gave AIG a bailout of 85 million dollars. It repaid Goldman 13 million dollars. Goldman made money selling bad commodities and bad mortgages, and then takes our money to fatten their pockets. It is truly enlightening, how unorganized we are. How does Goldman pay back this bailout? Well, it paid back 10 million in taxes, because essentially it off-shores certain thing. To show the power of Goldman, before the stress tests were released, Goldman did what it had to do to not be affected by the results. The new bubble for this day and age will be carbon credits. It is called cap and trade, disguised as an environmental plan, and is non-existent. It’s a repeat of the commodities market. If and when it gets approved, Goldman won’t have to do much, because the rise in price will be government mandated. The projected volume will be 3 trillion dollars. This allows Goldman to collect taxpayer money before I ask for an extension to pay my taxes. Goldman Sachs has orchestrated every catastrophe in this country because of short term greed. Whether by deliberate design or not, Goldman Sachs has positioned themselves in high Government places. Everything they have done is either illegal or ethically immoral. What does Goldman Sachs do if the there is conflict of interest; its representative gets a waiver or a pass to do whatever they want. Why doesn’t anyone do anything? They are basically stealing people’s lives away, with their accounting tactics. I never understand why regulating and deregulating was so important. I do now, and I believe the government must do more to regulate, oh wait a second, Goldman Sachs will merely come up with amendments that are higher than the constitution. Will anyone ever have the political courage to stop these thieves? I think not; however, I will invest in cap and trade of carbon credits and sell quickly. I might get lucky. Research Papers on The Global Bubble Downfall and Goldman SachsThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Quebec and CanadaThe Project Managment Office SystemWhere Wild and West Meet

Animal Liberation essays

Animal Liberation essays Whilst the sanctity and well-being of life has been held at the pinnacle of homocentric ethics and morals, the interests of non-humans have been neglected due to a common belief that the life of an animal is insignificant and therefore expendable. Humankind has assumed position at the top of a power based hierarchy that encompasses all life forms, thus giving affirmation to the concept that animals are inferior to humans and consequently justifying the exploitation and mistreatment of non-humans. By disregarding the ability for animals to perceive pain, suffering and pleasure, humankind have removed their rights as individual life forms and relegated them to an existence of slavery, torment and slaughter. The philosophy that embodies animal liberation, moves to re-establish the rights and inherent value of all living organisms in order to create an equality between all life forms, where no species has supremacy over another, and all animals have an intrinsic right to life. The basic principle of equality does not require equal or identical treatment; it requires equal consideration (Singer, 1991:2). Thus each individual must be perceived as a unique being with their own inherent value, and the reciprocal relationship that is demonstrated within human society can be extended to include non-humans, through an ethic of respect and concern for nature. It is the differences within human society and within nature that leads to cultural, spiritual and physical diversity, and consequently non-humans should not be compromised as individuals due to their physical and anatomical appearance. By negatively focusing on differences in intellect, moral capacity and physical appearance between humans and non-humans, a division of rights and respect has been drawn, whereby any animal regardless of their abilities or characteristics, is condemned to a totalitarian existence. The fundamental wrong that is inbuilt into human society, is the system that ...

Quotes From Shakespeares The Tempest

Quotes From Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' The Tempest is a play by William Shakespeare. It was one of Shakespeares last works, produced in 1611. In The Tempest, Prospero and his daughter have lived on an island for 12 years. They were stranded on the island when Antonio usurped Prosperos rightful place as Duke of Milan. Here are few quotes from The Tempest. None that I love more than myself. You are a councilor; if you can command these elements to silence and work the peace of the presence, we will not hand a rope more - use your authority. If you cannot, give thanks you have lived so long, and make yourself ready in your cabin for the mischance of the hours, if it so hap.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.1A pox o your throat, you bawling, blasphemous, incharitable dog!- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.1Now would I give a thousand furlongs of sea for an acre of barren ground, long heath, broom, furze, anything. The wills above be done, but I would fain die a dry death-William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.1 Canst thou rememberA time before we came unto this cell?- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2in my false brotherawakened an evil nature, and my trust,like a good parent, did beget !of himA falsehood in its contrary as greatAs my trust was, which had, indeed, no limit,A confidence sans bound...- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2LibraryWas dukedom large enough- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2good wombs have borne bad sons.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2Would I mightBut ever see that man!- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2Hell is emptyAnd all the devils are here- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2I prithee,Remember I have done thee worthy service,Told thee no lies, made no mistakes, servedWithout or grudge or grumblings. Thou did promiseTo bate me a full year.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2As wicked dew as eer my mother brushedWith ravens feather from unwholesome fenDrop on you both! A southwest blow on yeAnd blister you all oer!- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2 To name the bigger light and how the less- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2violateThe honour of my child.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2You taught me language, and my profit ontIs, I know how to curse. The red plague rid youFor learning me your language!- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2Theres nothing ill can dwell in such a temple.If the ill spirit have so fair a house,Good things will strive to dwell witht.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2Might I but through my prison once a daybehold this maid. All corners else o th earthLet liberty make use of; space enoughHave I in such a prison.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 1.2doublet is as fresh as the first day I wore it?- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.1My lord Sebastian,The truth you speak doth lack some gentleness,And time to speak it inyou rub the soreWhen you should bring the plaster.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.1All things in common nature should produceWithout sweat or endeavor.- William Shak espeare, The Tempest, 2.1 Tis as impossible that hes undrownedas he that sleeps here swims.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.1As this Gonzalo; I myself could makeA chough of as deep chat. O, that you boreThe mind that I do, what a sleep were thisFor your advancement! Do you understand me?- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.1Were I in England now, as I once was, and had but this fish painted, not a holiday-fool there but would give a piece of silver. There would this monster make a manany strange beast there makes a man. When they will not give a doit to relieve a lame beggar, they will lay out ten to see a dead Indian.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.2Four legs and two voices; a most delicate monster!- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.2These be fine things, an if they be not sprites. Thats a brave god, and bears celestial liquor. I will kneel to him.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.2dropped from heaven?- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.2Ill show thee the best springs; Ill pluck thee ber ries;Ill fish for thee, and get thee wood enough.A plague upon the tyrant I serve!Ill bear him no more sticks, but follow thee,thou wondrous man.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 2.2 The mistress which I serve quickens whats dead,and makes my labors pleasures. O, she isTen times more gentle than her fathers crabbed,And hes composed of harshness.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.1Poor worm, thou art infected!This visitation shows it.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.1O heaven, O earth, bear witness to this sound,and crown what I profess with kind eventIf I speak true; if hollowly, invertwhat best is boded me to mischief: I,Beyond all limit of what else i th world,Do love, prize, honor you.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.1As I told thee before, I am subject to a tyrant, a sorcerer that by his cunning hath cheated me of the island.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.2Act to Trinculo Thou liest, thou jesting monkey, thou! I would my valiant master would destroy thee. I do not lie- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.2What, what did I? I did nothing! Ill go farther off.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.2And that most deeply to consider isThe beauty of his daughter. He himselfCalls her nonpareil. I never saw a womanBut only Sycorax, my dam, and she;But she as far surpasseth SycoraxAs greatst does least.- William Shakespeare, The Tempest, 3.2 Sometimes a thousand twangling instrumentsWill him about mine ears; and sometime voices,That if I then had waked after long sleep,Will make me sleep again, and then in dreamingThe clouds methought would open and show richesReady to drop upon me, that when I wakedI cried to dream again.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 3.2A living drollery! Now I will believethat there are unicorns; that in ArabiaThere is one tree, the phoenix throne, one phoenixAt this hour reigning there.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 3.3are worse than devils.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 3.3You are three men of sin, whom destiny,That hath to instrument this lower worldAnd what is  int, the never-surfeited seaHath caused to belch up you, and on this islandWhere man doth not inhabit-you mongst  menBeing most unfit to live. I have made you mad-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 3.3All three of them are desperate: their great guilt,like poison given to work a great time after,No w gins to bite their spirits. I do beseech youThat are of suppler joints, follow them swiftly,And hinder them from what this ecstasyMay now provoke them to.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 3.3 All thy vexationsWere but my trials of thy love, and thouHast strangely stood the test. Here, afore heavenI ratify this my rich gift. O Ferdinand,Do not smile at me that I boast of her,For thou shalt find that she will outstrip all praiseAnd make it halt behind her.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1Bestow upon the eyes of this young coupleSome vanity of mine art.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1a contract of true love to celebrate-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1How does my bounteous sister? Go with meTo bless this twain, that they may prosperous be,And  honored  in their issue.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1Let me live here foreverSo rare a wondered father and wifeMakes this place a paradise.-  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1This is strange. Your fathers in some passionThat works him strangely.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1Never till this daySaw I him so touched with anger, so distempered.-  Wil liam Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1These our actors,As I foretold you, were all spirits, andAre melted into air, into thin air,And, like the baseless fabric of vision,The cloud-capped towers, the gorgeous palaces,The solemn temples, the great globe itself,Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolveAnd, like this insubstantial pageant faded,Leave not a rack behind. We are such stuffAs dreams are made on, and our little lifeIs rounded with sleep.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1 A devil, a born devil, on whose natureNurture can never stick; on whom my pains,Humanely taken, all, all lost, quite lostAnd as with age his body uglier grows,So his mind cankers. I will plague them all,Even to roaring.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1There is not only disgrace and dishonor in that,monster, but an infinite loss.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1I will have none  ont. We shall lose our timeAnd all be turned to barnacles, or to apesWith foreheads villainous low.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 4.1If you now beheld them, your affectionsWould become tender.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1Though with their high  wrongs  I am struck to  th quick,Yet with my nobler reason gainst my furyDo I take  part.  The rarer action isIn virtue than in vengeance.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1Behold, sir King,The wronged Duke of Milan, Prospero-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1I fear a madness held me. Thi s must crave,An if  this  be  at all, a most strange story.Thy dukedom I  resign,  and do entreatThou pardon me my wrongs. But how should ProsperoBe living, and be here?-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1 A daughter?O heavens, that they were living both in Naples,The King and Queen there! That they were, I wishMy  self  were  mudded in that oozy bedWhere my son lies. When did you lose your daughter?-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1O wonder!How many goodly creatures are there here!How beauteous mankind is! O brave new worldThat has such people  int!-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1Was Milan thrust from Milan that his issueShould become kings of Naples?-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1O look, sir, look, here is more of us!I prophesied if a gallows were on landThis fellow could not drown.To Boatswain Now, blasphemy,That swearst grace  oerboard, not an oath on the shore?Hast thou no mouth by land? What is the news?-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1Sir, my liege,Do not infest your mind with beating onThe strangeness of this business. At picked leisure,Which shall be shortly single, Ill resolve you,Which to you shall seem probable, of everyThese happened accidents; till then, be cheerfulAnd think of each thing well.-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1 Ay, that I will; and Ill be wise hereafter,And seek for grace. What a thrice-double assWas I to take this drunkard for a god,And worship this dull fool!-  William Shakespeare,  The Tempest, 5.1

Role of Power in Policy Development and Implementation Research Paper

Role of Power in Policy Development and Implementation - Research Paper Example There is a significant role of power in the society. Those people who are given the power to govern have the authority to impose rules, create programs or decide important matters that involve the welfare of everyone. When we try to look around us we see people like the presidents, prime ministers, or kings who are given the power to rule over their countries. When one has power, the authority is given to that person to decide on things in behalf of the whole nation. Major Types of Power Power is being categorized into certain types to determine its nature and the way that it is obtained. French and Raven in the year 1959 (as cited in â€Å"Five Bases of Power,† n.d.) were the social psychologists who formulated the five bases of power, which are the following: Positional Power Positional power is the authority given to people who have a position in an organization or society. It is considered as the most important among all the other types of power. This type of power is comm only present in organizations, appointing an individual to act as the leader so that jobs are performed well. Reward Power The basis of which is the capability of an individual to give rewards to those who deserve to be given one. It is somehow related to legitimate power. Those who are in high corporate position have the power to offer rewards to their subordinates like bonuses, promotions and incentives to name a few. Personal Power Personal power is the power to persuade others through the interpersonal skill of an individual. It is the ability of someone to influence others by simply using their charm to attract people’s attention. Most political leaders possess this type of power. Expert Power This is inherent to those who are intelligent people. The mastery on a specific body of knowledge is considered as expert power. This may bring someone to higher positions like in the government or organizations. Coercive Power This is considered as a negative type of power for it is more influenced by fear. This gives an individual the right to impose punishments and even stop someone from receiving benefits. Examples of Power Experienced In the Society The most prevalent type of power present in our district is positional power. In the field of politics, the power is vested upon those people who qualify specifically for a government position by means of an election. In every district, a governor is elected who serves as the leader and decision-maker. The authority given to the governor is affiliated with great responsibilities. Practically as what the word position implies, positional power is dependent upon the position of an individual. So if the person is into the higher rank like in the case of a governor, then there is greater amount of power given. The higher the position, the greater power is attained. Another common type of power present in the district is personal power. There are many of those successful people who have this quality of building re lationships to other people, through the use of their persuasive and at the same time charismatic approach. Business owners have the ability to influence a consumer’s decision upon purchasing through their flowery statements. Well politicians also have their way of

How businesses can position themselves to take advantage of huge Term Paper

How businesses can position themselves to take advantage of huge changes and maximize on their values - Term Paper Example The introduction captures the background of change in business with the implications and consequences. The main body evaluates the advantages that business can derive from the business changes to maximize on its values, the actions that business should take to be ready for future changes expected and finally the skills and competencies, which are most appropriate in the ‘new world’ of business. The conclusion section reinstates the thesis and presents the major arguments of discussed. Taking Advantage of Business Changes to Maximize On Value Introduction Businesses have to respond to changes in their operations because of various factors. The business regulations often change. Technological innovations and the need to respond to globalization have all contributed to changes in business operations. Societal shifts and trends change continually, and business have to respond to the needs of their customers by changing their processes, strategies, and operations. Innovations and advances in information technologies have contributed immensely to changes in business processes and operations across the globe through the capacity to bridge the geographical divide. The consequences and implications of advances in information technology in businesses are varied. These changes may affect some businesses positively whereas others may be affected negatively. Nevertheless, an appropriate response to the changes should be by taking advantage of the change forces to maximize on various business dimensions, including shareholder’s wealth, profits and social responsibilities among other things. Businesses need to prepare adequately for the future changes. Skills and competencies are essential assets for dealing with the changes experienced continually. How businesses should take advantage of the changes, mainly on information technologies, to maximize of their value is discussed expansively. Further, recommendations on the appropriate requirements that they n eed to have and the actions they ought to take to prepare effectively for future changes are provided. In addition, the prerequisite skills and competencies to work effectively in the ‘new world’ of business are offered. Opportunities Provided By Changes in Business to Maximize On Return Value Advances in Information Technologies Advancements in information technologies offer opportunities for businesses to change into innovations that may help in maximizing their business value. Advances in technology can help businesses introduce new products and services into the market to meet the needs of their customers. Further, new technologies can help in developing new business models, which may be used as a competitive advantage against the competitors (Lorenzo, Kawalek and Ramdani 107). Changes in business processes brought about by information technologies may be used by an organization to build on customer value proposition. Technologies and changes may influence businesse s to provide their services to the customers efficiently, and with high quality. Quality and effective services and products can be offered to clients and customers using new information technologies that reduce on costs and optimize time. Such changes may help businesses retain and attract huge customer base because of enhanced customer responsiveness (Lorenzo, Kawalek and Ramdani 107). Information technologies are dynamic but businesses use them as essential organizational assets. These new technologies may

Chaos Theory on Financial Forecasting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Chaos Theory on Financial Forecasting - Essay Example According to the chaos theorists, chaos has two most important attributes which are both necessary for existence of a chaotic system but not sufficient; one, extreme sensitivity to its initial conditions (Ruelle, 2001:37-9), and two, complicated patterns of nonlinear relationships in it which are not truly random (James, 2003:123-6). The first attribute can be described in a way that as time progresses in a continuous chaotic system, the parameters are so distinctly determined that to reach (or to predict) a certain desired point, knowledge of the initial starting point of system gains extreme importance. A meteorologist named Edward Lorenz, who was trying to predict, first observed this factor weather conditions by using a computer simulation. He noticed that he made simple decimal mistakes that lead extreme distinct results as outcome (Lorenz, 1963:1-25). This was actually a hotspot in chaos theory history, which leaded scientists to think about fallacies made in the past by the us e of word "negligible". The other attribute maintains the properties of relationships among the parameters in a system. Today we know that without complex no linearity, the system will usually be predictable and will not be oversensitive on initial conditions as it depends on non-linear scenarios. Some common misunderstanding among daily use of the word "chaos" mainly appears because of its literal meaning as lack of order. Contrary to this misnomer, in most cases systems that show a pattern of deterministic chaos are quite reared and even predictable on short time scales. Solution paths to chaotic systems are basically deterministic in their nature. Chaos theory generally assumes that, if complex interrelations among the particles of a system are known, then future movement of system is predictable. Regarding this property of chaotic systems, it is now possible or will be possible to find solutions to some problems in science that can't be solved before because of their complex nature. 2. Chaos Theory in Economics Throughout the development of economic theory, from Ancient Greek Philosophers to Today's sophisticated theorists; many different ideas shaped the evolution of economics. Although the assumptions, progress and results acquired are different, almost any theory has the same base point showing economics' as a unitary environment. The unitary term comes from the aspect of economy as being an entity that consists of sub-entities. These units are mainly the consumers and producers taking decisions to survive in the ecosystem of economics. It is an obvious fact that the decisions of particular objects in this system lead the way to the general movement of system. This nature of economics is the key feature that embraces Chaos Theory and economics, in the way that; Chaos Theory tries to explain, how does the behavior of small particles effects each other and the system as a whole and economics as being a social science that struggles with problems

Advertising and Marketing of Audi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advertising and Marketing of Audi - Essay Example This essay "Advertising and Marketing of Audi" outlines advertisement campaign of this carmaker and its peculiarities. Continued survival of Audi in the international market and even protection of its image and brand name in the highly competitive global could definitely attributes to its exceptional advertising and marketing techniques and not traditional big names inferred for German cars. To begin with, Audi has been involving in direct confrontation with its immediate class competitor, which is BMW. The most latest direct confrontation involved of Audi and BMW appeared in an advertisement intended to familiarize a new Audi A4. In this billboard advertisement, Audi used the words â€Å"Your Move, BMW† that directly targeted to warn BMW that its perceived dominance in the class was under check. BMW countered this advertisement in a very offensive manner that later triggered another direct reply from Audi upon the introduction of the exotic R8 brand . The billboard for this a dvertisement was immediately beside that of the BMW with phrase, â€Å"Your pawn is no match for our king.† The possible intention of such an advertisement was to lower the actual status of advertised BMW car portrayed in the advertisement. This kind of advertisement seemed very aggressive thus proving to the public about the increasing command gained by Audi in the local market. Audi has also adopted an advertisement technique relating to the currently widespread technology. For instance, Audi has sought collaboration with the expensive and classy iPhone. In the collaboration, Audi created a car game a free game name the A4 driving challenge 2.0 installed in the iPhone. This advertisement created perception of the Audi A4 as a special car for the rich and wealthy individuals. According to Audi zone this advertisement portrayed Audi as the very first automobile company to exploit, the special features of iPhone that particularly targeted scientifically oriented customers. Audi zone also points at the newly developed online advertisement website cliqued â€Å"Meet the Beckers.†3 This website particularly intends and targets rich families who own Audi cars. The advertisement exists in two episodes that launch direct attack against the competitors of Audi. One of the episodes in this

News framing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

News framing - Essay Example The PBS Newshour reported that, there were no signs of give from sequester despite the gloomy urgings. In the above examples, the reporters interpreted the information in different theorems and themes although the case is the same. The New Republic analyzed that the sequestration for the automatic budget cuts have started to take effects but it will take some time for most Americans to notice. According to the media, the effects are discernible to proof that the government can operate on less money. On its perspective, the Fox News reported of how the President Obama and the top administration are struggling in accurately explaining the effects of cutting billions in federal budget. Carlos Elias, the superintendent of the Capitol Building sent a memo reminding staffers of the pay cut. The president proposed the pay and agreed by Congress in the year 2011. This was agreed after the Republicans and Democrats failed in agreeing how to measure and reduce the budget deficit. The PBS News summarizes the transcripts of each speaker of the President Obama’s meeting with the nation’s governors. He urged the governors to forget politics in order to prevent the automatic spending

Advertising and Marketing of Audi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advertising and Marketing of Audi - Essay Example This essay "Advertising and Marketing of Audi" outlines advertisement campaign of this carmaker and its peculiarities. Continued survival of Audi in the international market and even protection of its image and brand name in the highly competitive global could definitely attributes to its exceptional advertising and marketing techniques and not traditional big names inferred for German cars. To begin with, Audi has been involving in direct confrontation with its immediate class competitor, which is BMW. The most latest direct confrontation involved of Audi and BMW appeared in an advertisement intended to familiarize a new Audi A4. In this billboard advertisement, Audi used the words â€Å"Your Move, BMW† that directly targeted to warn BMW that its perceived dominance in the class was under check. BMW countered this advertisement in a very offensive manner that later triggered another direct reply from Audi upon the introduction of the exotic R8 brand . The billboard for this a dvertisement was immediately beside that of the BMW with phrase, â€Å"Your pawn is no match for our king.† The possible intention of such an advertisement was to lower the actual status of advertised BMW car portrayed in the advertisement. This kind of advertisement seemed very aggressive thus proving to the public about the increasing command gained by Audi in the local market. Audi has also adopted an advertisement technique relating to the currently widespread technology. For instance, Audi has sought collaboration with the expensive and classy iPhone. In the collaboration, Audi created a car game a free game name the A4 driving challenge 2.0 installed in the iPhone. This advertisement created perception of the Audi A4 as a special car for the rich and wealthy individuals. According to Audi zone this advertisement portrayed Audi as the very first automobile company to exploit, the special features of iPhone that particularly targeted scientifically oriented customers. Audi zone also points at the newly developed online advertisement website cliqued â€Å"Meet the Beckers.†3 This website particularly intends and targets rich families who own Audi cars. The advertisement exists in two episodes that launch direct attack against the competitors of Audi. One of the episodes in this

The Black and Decker Corporation Case Study Essay

The Black and Decker Corporation Case Study - Essay Example Case Study Synopsis A. Company Overview; Dissecting the Case The Black & Decker Corporation is an American firm that manufactures and markets power tools, power accessories, fastening systems, products for home improvements, and hardware. It manufactures its products in eleven countries spread worldwide, and markets those in a hundred plus countries. Its biggest markets are the United States, which accounted for 55 percent of all revenues in 2008, and Europe, for 25 percent in the same year. 2008 revenues were US 6.086 billion dollars, while gross margins were 32.8 percent for that year. By product group contribution, power tools contributed 73 percent of all revenues in 2008, at US 4.3 billion dollars, followed by hardware and products for the improvement of the home, at US 900 million dollars, making up 15 percent of all revenues. The balance was made up for by revenues from fastening systems, which was the smallest product group by revenue for that year, accounting for 12 percent of all sales, valued at US 700 million dollars (Black and Decker, n.d., pp. 1-14). By way of a look forward, by 2012 the Black & Decker Corporation had ceased to be an independent firm, having been bought out by Stanley Works in 2010, so that the merged entity had come to be known as Stanley Black & Decker Inc.(Google Finance, 2012; Stanley Black & Decker Inc., 2012; Black and Decker, n.d.; Reuters, 2012 (b)). ... The hypothesis is that the traditional market strengths of the original Black & Decker Company had something to do with this share price appreciation(Reuters, 2012; Google Finance, 2012; Reuters, 2012 (b)): Image Source: Google Finance, 2012 B. Business Groups and Market Segments Three product groups serve as the organizing principle of the organization. These product groups are, as already mentioned earlier, power tools, product for home improvement and hardware, and fastening systems. Of the three, as has been noted earlier, power tools make up the bulk of the revenues (73 percent), followed by home improvement at 15 percent, and fastening systems at 12 percent of all revenues. Absolute profits rankings are the same, with power tools contributing the most to profits, followed in the same order by the two other product groups (Black & Decker, n.d., pp. 1-14). Three different market segments for the power tools product group, the largest product group, have differing characteristics, defined along customer type. As discussed earlier, these are industrial users, general consumers, and professionals. Of the three, the company has had success with industrial users and general consumers, while as noted earlier, prior to the launch of the DeWalt brand, the corporation had suffered anemic following among professionals, owing to the market perception that the company's products were inferior (Black & Decker, n.d., pp 3-5). Moreover, the three market segments also differ in some other profound ways. Industrial users are the most demanding, requiring that products show resistance to wear and resilience, even as the rewards include long-lasting relationships with buyers, and large and frequent orders. Professionals, using the products as essential trade tools,

Teaching ESL Students Essay Example for Free

Teaching ESL Students Essay In the summer of 2008 I worked in a private college for girls in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ( Due to the college’s policy, I was asked not to reveal the name of the college). This College offers continuing education and extension courses to meet the needs of women in the community for professional development and personal enrichment programs. In summer it offers a 4 week Intensive English Language Program. I was asked to teach two levels; level one and level three. In my level one class, I had a total of 9 students, and they were all Saudi’s: four of them were 15 years old, 2 of them where 11 years old, 2 were 13 years old, and one of them was 24 years old. All of them came from Saudi government schools. I met with them 5 days a week for 2 hours. The books used for the course was interchange level 1. However I also used Word by Word Picture Dictionary. Reading, writing, grammar, listening, speaking, and vocabulary were skills I taught in the program. Puzzle Area Generally, as an ESL teacher, I never use Arabic in class in order to expose students to the new language. However, I very quickly realized that the students were not responding well to my use of English only. I could see that the students felt insecure and confused. Even the simplest question â€Å"What’s your name? † was answered with head nodding or a crooked smile. So I used the Tarzan method, â€Å"I AM JANE†, but it was not effective. This response was a sign to change my method. I remembered the days in Pakistan as a child I tried to fit in while my classmates spoke Urdu and I felt like an alien lost and confused listening to gibberish from my perspective or rather trying to solve secret codes and guess what is being said. My focus automatically shifted not to learn the words but to try and understand body language. And this is what I saw in my students’ eyes i. e. they lost track of words and focused on my facial expressions and body language to try and understand what was going on. The look on their faces always seemed to say â€Å"What an earth is she saying † Thus, I puzzled over how I could best meet the needs of these very low level learners and whether or not I should use Arabic in class or not. Exploring the Puzzle Area I decided to experiment with using Arabic minimally to encourage learning English and to especially create a comfortable atmosphere for the beginners to express themselves. For instance when I introduced the vocabulary words, I allowed them to use Arabic. It was more or less a co-operative learning strategy. I gave them the word and defined it in English and some students said it out loud in Arabic helping each other understand the new words fully. Moreover, I felt the need to use Arabic myself when it came to teaching abstract vocabulary because I wanted to ensure induced errors would be avoided. I would ask my students to tell me what the word means in Arabic. Saying the word in Arabic myself was my last resort for I did it to spot check on the students and to further avoid their frustration. In grammar it was a different issue. I decided not to use Arabic, but eventually I realized it was big mistake and a waste of time. Explaining the grammar rules only in English was causing lots of problems with understanding the lesson, due to the low level of my students. I repeated the lesson many times speaking slowly with the simplest words believing that they at least understood something from the lesson. But my efforts were in vain because once I asked the class to start practicing the exercises orally, no one responded. Whereas when I used a bit of Arabic as well as English in the same lesson, it was more effective. For example, Arabic generally follows the verb- subject structure. In English, however, the general structure is subject-verb-object. So pinpointing such basic factors and presenting model sentences in both languages clarified their misuse of a simple sentence in English. Thus, the passivity in the beginning changed; the students suddenly got interested and active, and started to work in groups to combine many sentences on their own. I realized that using L1 for beginners was beneficial grammar because students could understand grammatical structures and practice their application gradually as their level improves. Teaching reading was basically an individual effort that depended on the students’ efforts. To improve their reading skills they were asked to read aloud simple passages to improve their reading and pronunciation of words. However, for critical thinking skills, I asked them to silently read paragraphs and then asked questions about the part they read to check their perception and understanding of the topic. In reading, I allowed them to use Arabic to express their thoughts about a topic, because if I depended on English alone the class would be unresponsive. Gradually, in two weeks time the class began to open up and feel comfortable with using English in their responses. For example, in a reading lesson after silently reading the passage, one of the students knew she understood the topic but admitted that she was shy and afraid to answer the questions in English. This phobia is a general problem in Saudi students especially beginners. There is a fear of being wrong or feeling embarrassed. So, the fact that she was allowed to start in Arabic and include some English was a comforting experience. A student for instance would respond with broken sentences: â€Å"exercise it about exercise†¦ † and form discussions with their classmates in Arabic and ask the teacher for the correct form of answering, mimic it, and in turn learn it. Hence, they initially began with participating in L1 but grew to use L2 too after a while. The most difficult part of L2 learning that many beginners face is writing. In the first writing class I started with the basics, such as brainstorming then classifying their ideas. The problem that arose was the students’ limited vocabulary. They were able to participate using L1 and began asking the words meanings and jotting them down. It was not an effective process because the class turned out to be a vocabulary lesson. So I had to change plans. The next class I assigned them to read short paragraphs and focus on the structure, sentence order, words meanings and punctuation. Then in class we worked on a similar paragraph but with mistakes and edited it together. The students enjoyed this activity and used L1 to tell me the mistakes and why it is wrong. Gradually, I encouraged them to copy the forms they took but with a different topic. For example, they took a paragraph about fishing, and I asked them to write about swimming. The students copied the exact paragraph with a few changes. They got to learn a lot gradually when they wrote a paragraph on their own. L1 was used minimally just as a comfort zone for discussing topics and explaining rules, and they did learn the basics of writing in L2 at the end. Students don’t ask each other about particular words and structures and get it much easier. In upper-intermediate group we talk in English and that’s not a problem we don’t have to explain vocabulary or grammar in Arabic. So it’s the matter of the language advancement in English. This way of teaching is much more efficient. Conclusion Whether to use native language when teaching ESL students is a matter of constant debate and when choosing education method the teacher should consider students’ background, their primary knowledge and their abilities to learning. It is known that the more differences between languages the most difficulties students are faced with. The same situation is observed with Arabic and English as languages are completely different. Nevertheless, from the very beginning I was against using Arabic in teaching English as, in such a way, I hoped to achieve the higher level of commitment and I expected students to learn faster. But education process showed that it is normal to use Arabic when teaching students with low level of English because many students simply didn’t respond to my speech and efforts to explain some rules. I see students were confused as they couldn’t understand what I expected from them. The method to focus on facial expression, not on learning words failed as well. When I decided to use Arabic minimally I saw that such encouragement appeared to be more effective in creating more comfortable atmosphere for students to express their ideas. Therefore-, I concluded that co-operative learning strategy is the best method of learning beginners. Native language can be used when explaining abstract vocabulary, explaining new grammar and ensuring that all rules are understandable.

Function Of Supply Chain In Dell Business Essay

Function Of Supply Chain In Dell Business Essay Supply change management is the important part of the organization. If supply chain is working effectively in the organization than organization can achieve their goal in well manners .supply chain management engage on three levels which are strategic, tactical and operational. On the strategic level, organization take the decision with concern to supply chain management that how it will work. Tactics means which thing has to include in supply chain which will help the organization to achieve their goals and operational means how it will exactly work. So there is a strong relationship between supply chain management and organizational business objectives.orgnaization has differ objective which has to fulfil by the organization these objective are following in which supply chain management supporting them to achieve them. Product development Organizations Management has to classify a strategic direction while considering the products which organization will manufacture and recommend to their consumers. As companys product get old and they need new product to launch in the market on that time supply chain management play a crucial role to set new product in the market. In this thing company has to develop the strategy that how ,they will take the help of supply chain which will make easy to launch the product in the market. Consumers On the strategic level ,company has to find out the real consumer for their product .that is difficult task for the organization .and supply chain management help the organization to distribute the product to those person who targeted by the company . Manufacturing Manufacturing depend on the demand and companys sales forecasting. So on that time company has to develop the strategy that how product will be manufactured. This decision can require new manufacturing facilities to be built for the organization. If business objectives contain moving manufacturing out of the country, then the decisions can bend towards via subcontracting and third party .another factor is environmental issues which influence organization policy to a better level, these issues may persuade strategic supply chain decisions with regards to manufacturing of the product. With the help of these thing we can say that ,there is a strong relationship between the supply chain management and businesss objective. LO1.2 Explain the link between your chosen organizations supply chain management and its business functions. DELL: Supply chain? Supply chain management is the lively management of supply chain activities with the objectives of maximize customer satisfaction and attain the sustainable advantage over the competition. It represents a cognizant effort develop and run supply chains in the most effective efficient ways possible. The supply chain is concurrent together through physical flows and information flows. the transformation, movement, and storage of goods and materials involves in Physical flows . Information flows permit the a variety of supply chain partners to conquer their long-term plans, and to manage the day-to-day flow of goods and material up and down the supply chain. Function of Supply chain in DELL There are some functions of DELL related to the supply chain management are as follows: Identify Customer Values Organization used customer knowledge With the help of contracts, survey results, business intelligence data and platform sales to begin its customer-centric view of value. Dell invested in resources to complete detailed configuration profitability analysis, targeted surveys and external marketing insights from multiple industries. Understand Dells Strengths With the help of the effective supply chain management the DELLs strength can be analyzed. Understand the External Environment Supply chain is specifically related to the external business environment with the help of supply chain the DELL can be easily understand the external environment. This the supply chain of the opted organization DELL and its function that are related with the supply chain of the DELL. LO.1.3 What are the key drivers used by your organization to achieve an integrated Supply Chain? As companies increasingly put into action their supply chain to compete and attain market share, spending and action in this area are remarkably on the upswing. Technology and process upgrades at forward-thinking companies evidently demonstrate that supply chain excellence is more broadly established as an element of overall business strategy and that growing value to customers is not just managements, but everyones business. The transfer in how companys outlook their supply chain is taking hold. Scrutinize how your company views its supply chain and deem your answers to these fundamental questions. Does leadership view your supply chain as a strategic competitive advantage? If not, are you bearing in mind outsourcing your supply chain? Are the capacity strengths of your supply chain generally known and understood by leadership of the company? If so, how do they sway growth, profitability and customer service? So organization has to find out the key drivers which will help the organization to achieve an integrated supply chain management. There are some key drivers which will help the organization to achieve an integrated supply chain which are following Customer service management process : Customer service management process is concern with the organization and its customers. Because customer service is the cause of customer information. Customer service management provides the customer through real time information on arrangement and product accessibility during interfaces with the organizations manufacture and distribution operations. Good organization uses the following steps to build customer relations: Verify jointly pleasing goals for organization and customers Set up and preserve customer relationship Produce optimistic feelings in the organization and the customers Procurement process:- Strategic tactics are drawn up with suppliers to maintain the manufacturing current management procedure and the growth of new products. In organization where operations expand internationally, source has to manage on a international basis. The preferred result is a win-win connection where both parties take benefit from each other, and a decrease in time which is required for the design series and product. LO2: Be able to use information technology to optimise supplier relationships in an organization. LO2.1 Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies used by your organization to maintain supplier relationships. Efficient management of suppliers is one of the ways manufacturing companies can advance their performance. There are many significant aspects of supplier management; they incorporate sourcing strategies, and the way relationships are managed and the information exchange policies adopted by manufacturers. Characteristically, it has been argued in the literature that close relationships with suppliers should be urbanized, in contrast to the conventional price-driven transactional relationship. In concurrence with this approach manufacturers should employ a single sourcing strategy rather than multi-sourcing. The research found that noteworthy portion of the companies surveyed had experienced an alteration in their relationship with suppliers in the last few years. In the main relationships had become closer and the use of partnerships was in proof. Although the companies had developed partnerships with some of their suppliers the majority of firms continued to prefer a multi-sourcing policy. The research results have implications for manufacturing companies as they point out the potential for development through the greater adoption of best practices in the area of supplier management. LO.2.2 What information technology does your organization use to create strategies in developing relationship with its suppliers? As search costs and other coordination costs turn down, theory predicts that firms should optimally amplify the number of suppliers with which they do business. Despite recent declines in these costs due to information technology, there is little proof of an augment in the number of suppliers used. On the contrary, in many industries, firms are working with fewer suppliers. This suggests that other forces must be accounted for in a more complete model of buyer supplier relationships. So there are many technologies which is using by the organization to develop relationship with their suppliers .which are following. Analyze actual time information about market trends sales and orders. Predict and respond rapidly to changes in demand Develop efficiency with concern to precise information on supply . E-collaboration with the suppliers, like, using email and giving out spreadsheets, can be simple, but the most profit approach from sharing information in real time. This approach requires more refined technology, which are following Forecasting systems or inventory planning this means use their inventory records to predict the market demand for their product. Online analytical processing  systems this system analyze history sales performance and evaluate the forecasts from different suppliers. Enterprise resource planning  systems ERP system plan and programed their entire business. By connecting their order and purchasing system with that of their suppliers, orders can repeatedly be placed and tracked and the supplier will automatically issue an invoice. These technologies helping the organization to make good relation with their suppliers. LO 2.3 Identify systems used by your organization to maintain relationship with its suppliers. A natural approach to determining the optimal number of suppliers is to begin from the assumption that a firm would profit by growing the number of its suppliers, thereby broadening its choice, but that technological considerations constrain this strategy. In this perspective, the number of suppliers is restricted by considerations such as the cost of setting up a relationship, search costs, and transaction costs, which can commonly be summarized as coordination costs. For example, in trying to determine the optimal number of suppliers for a given input, it may be supposed that suppliers product offerings are substitutes for one another, except that they differ in some desirable feature, such as price, fit, or product characteristics. Interacting with each supplier entails a coordination cost. After surveying some number of suppliers, the buyer selects the product offering that renders the best value according to its set of criteria. The optimal number of suppliers is determined by trading off the cost of further searches against the expected benefit from identifying a better supplier. In the same way organization is making the relationship with the their suppliers .some ways are following Organization is making the Understanding that how their supplier works gives them a enhanced sense of how it can benefit their business. Organization is using the strategy to make the relationship with their suppliers to Ask about their plans for development or expansion. Will this affect the goods or services which organization is providing to them? Organization is helping their suppliers by placing orders in excellent time, being clear about deadlines and paying on time. Organization is making their business important to their suppliers with a view that concept that they will work harder for you. So some suppliers offer superior deals if organization promises to use them wholly. So these strategies helping the organization to make their better relationship with their suppliers. LO3 Understand the role of information technology in supply chain management LO3.1 Assess how information technology could assist in the integration of the different parts of the supply chain within your organization Information technology could assist in the integration of the different parts of the supply chain management in the organization. In dell the IT assist in the integration of the different parts of the supply chain There are different integrated strategies are discussed below regarding the supply chain management in Dell. Allocation network strategies: The issues like location of warehouse and their capacities etc are related to the allocation network strategies. The allocation network strategy maintain the facility that how should the information is being flowed between the management supply chain members i.e warehouse retailer . It helps provide the reduction in the total holding and logistics costs. The allocation network strategies are specifically related to the reduction in he logistic as well as the holding cost of the organization. Manufacture source strategy: This strategy is the integration of the logistics and production costs. It also related with the impact of producing in large volumes to reduce the fixed cost for the production .but the production in heavy volume may increase the transportation cost and the logistic cost and production in small batches is related to the high fixed but the balance between them can be maintained by the manufacture source strategy of the organization. Record organizes strategy: This strategy connected with the decisions concerning the inventory control system of the organization. Inventory control strategy includes economic order quantity to reduce the holding and ordering costs. It also determines the quantity to be stored. This very strategy can be used for the avoidance of over stocking and under stocking. Income managing strategy: In the income managing strategy the price flexibility of demand is fix according to the market in order to maximize the revenue from sales. Technology choice support system: Technology is deals with each and every part of the organization whether it is related to the inventory, production, revenue etc. so we can say that the technology is a choice support system of the organization. LO3.2 Evaluate how information technology has contributed to the management of the supply chain within your organization The flow of products and information between supply chain members of the organizations is known as Supply chain management. Information Technology helps a lot in availing the information in organizational premises very easily. The IT is very helpful to coordinates the activities to manage the supply chain. In past before 1980 the information flow between the organizations to the second part is totally based on the paper. The paper based method of exchanging the information is very slow. But after some time the information technology had evolved and provides the easy method for exchanging the information between the organization and the supply chain member. IT includes: computer, data recognition equipment, communication technologies, factory automation and other hardware and services. Information flows plays a crucial role in strategic planning. Because it helps in: Rapid procedure to information. Good customer service. Reduction in paper work. Increased productivity. Improvement in tracing and expediting Cost efficiency. Competitive advantage. Enhanced/Improved billing. After the study of these points it can easily understood that the IT plays an essential role in supply chain management and we can also take the example of the dell(Case study of Dells Transformation Journey through Supply chain). The above mentioned points are also related with the dell and its supply chain management. After using IT in its supply chain management the dell got the maximum benefits from it like : rapid flow of the information , great and better customer service , paper work reduction , proclivity enhancement , cost efficiency , competitive advantage etc. So we can say that information technology has contributed to the management of the supply chain within your organisation. LO.3.3 Assess the effectiveness of information technology in managing the supply chain in your organization. There are some vast impact on the organization because of the information technology here we took the example of DELL. There are certain effectiveness of IT on the DELL that are as follows: DELL has successfully developed E-business solutions for improving customer service. Enhanced efficiency of DELL allows company personnels to focus more on the dangerous business activities. E-business solutions of DELL support preparation teamwork better quickness of the supply chain management. The use of E-business solutions improves the information quality of DELL. To gain strategic benefits, the DELL uses of IT to be coupled with process re-designing. SCM IT are the prominent part of the DELL. IT has enabled supply chain to flourish the criteria of the supply chain management of DELL. LO4 Understand the role of logistics and procurement in supply chain management LO4.1 Explain the role of logistics in supply chain management in system in your organization The organizations are still locate that poignant goods and services all the way through of the global supply chains is expensive time overwhelming.   Logistics and supply chain management are the two important approaches to surmount the business activities. The flow of resources between the origin and the destination in order to fulfill the needs and wants is known as the logistics management. The physical items, such as food, materials, equipment, liquids, and staff, as well as abstract items, such as information, particles, and energy all can be include in the logistics. The common motives of logistics are minimization of the use of resources and time. The role of logistics can be divided in four categories that are as follows: Materials management Channel management Distribution Supply-chain management Material management : Logistics plays a very important part in material management because it can provide the overall facility regarding the material handling. The complete process of production can be handled with the help of logistics management. Channel Management: Channel management are the recourses by which the goods and services can be transported from one place to another place. Distribution management: Distribution management is related to the distribution technique of the goods and services of the organization . it can help in the logistic management of the organization . Supply chain management: Supply chain and logistics are the essential part of one another that was discussed above previously. If any organization wants to work properly than it will compulsory to use logistics management in the supply chain management. LO4.2 Evaluate any procurement practices in your organization The procurement policy is based on the Nestle procurement policy The objective of NESTLE is to produce and market food products that and that can please customers and consumer prospect, and to provide enhanced quality food and worth for money. Milk, coffee coca are the key raw material of the Nestle in total the raw material turnover of Nestle is 19.7 bio Swiss Francs. The basic problem is regarding to the procurement of the raw material so the Nestle opt the two types of strategies that are: Pre competitive Competitive Pre-competitive strategy of Nestle: In pre competitive strategies the Nestle wants to collaborate with the food industry i.e SAI (Sustainable Agriculture. n this strategy the Nestle provides the support to the agricultural development, trades , preliminary works regarding the agriculture industry. In this strategy the Nestle try to overcome the berries of raw material procurement for the Nestle plant. Competitive strategy of Nestle: The competitive strategy deals to encourage the sustainable agriculture through the sourcing of its key raw materials (milk, coffee, and cocoa). This is done by providing with the help of guidelines to the producers and by developing preferential supplier contracts. Sustainable Agriculture offers opportunities for food companies to achieve better control on long term supply of raw materials at reasonable costs, and at the same time to improve quality and enhance quality control . These are the two strategies of procurement of NESTLE by which Nestle can overcome the hurdle of raw material procurement. . LO4.3 what are some of the factors that must be considered when improving logistics and procurement practices in your organization? There are some factors that must be considered when improving logistics and procurement practices in your organization. The factors are as follows: Effective Order processing: There should be the effective order processing so that the logistic department can perform its task in a better way. Transportation: The transportation cost must be low with the help of the logistics strategies. If the proper logistics are to be used than it will become very helpful in reduction in the transportation cost. Inventory management : Inventory management is the very important part of the organization . With the help of inventory management the logistics can be improved in a better way. Warehousing: The warehouse handling is to be in a successive manner with the help of the logistics department. Material handling: Material handling is one of the process by which the logistics can be improved and procurement process can be easy for the organization. Sound packaging: The packaging should be sound so that the procurement can be done in an effective manner and the logistics management can be improved. Information system : Information system plays a very important role in logistics management because IT is having the integration of all the area f the business. LO5 In your different groups LO5.1 Plan a strategy to improve an organisations supply chain There should be the planned strategy for the improvisation of supply chain management of Dell. The strategy must include certain points that are as follows: Reduction in cost: The strategy must be planned with the perspectives of cost reduction in the supply chain process in the organizations. Time reduction: The strategy should be formulated in such a way s that the time can be reduced and the process can complete in the proper time span. Release value: value of the production must be acquired by the planned strategy. Appropriate quality : The planned strategy of the supply chain management is to provide the appropriates quality to the consumers. Reduction in truncations: the strategy should be formulated in terms of reduction of the transaction cost of the origination. LO5.2 Assess how a supply chain improvement strategy will benefit overall business performance in the organisation There are certain points which tell us the benefit of supply chain management on overall performance on the organization that are as follows: Reduction on inventories Information sharing among the partners Preparation being done in discussion rather than in segregation The improvements can be reflected in terms of: Lower costs Satisfy customer service proficient manufacturing Better trust among the partners LO5.3 Explain how barriers will be overcome in the organisation when implementing a supply chain improvement strategy Supply chain management helps a lot in reducing the barriers in the organizations There are certain methods by which the barriers will be overcome in the organization when implementing a supply chain management. Here we are giving the example of DELL that how supply chain management can overcome the barriers in DELL. Stronger connection to customers The DELLs supply chain is completely focused on the customer satisfaction. And the basic problem of the organization is to satisfy the customers and with the help of supply chain the customer can get the maximum satisfaction so that the DELL could get the positive feedback form the customers. Complexity reduction The production operations are vey important as well as complex. but the supply chain made this complexity is an easy going manner. All the process related to the Production will be in a concise way in the supply chain in the Dell. Improved internal collaboration managing identify practical interdependencies have ambitious association across product design, supply chain, marketing, sales and finance. Dell also simplified interactions by centralizing global operations, while aligning to customer verticals. Cost reduction with the help of the supply chain there were the cost reduction of $1.5 billion in DELL. This was the major barrier reduction. Improved forecast accuracy the supply chain provides results in three terms that are: augment in predict correctness at the product, platform and configuration levels.